Economy Legislation

Regulations governing economic policy, monetary matters, taxation, public spending, and market regulation.

The Atom Valley Northern Gateway Mayoral Development Corporation (Establishment) Order 2025

Published: Tue 16th Dec 25

The Order established the Atom Valley Northern Gateway Mayoral Development Corporation, defined its development area based on a specific map, and set the official commencement date for January 16th, 2026.


This statutory instrument formally establishes the Atom Valley Northern Gateway Mayoral Development Corporation by exercising powers granted under the Localism Act 2011, as modified by related orders concerning Greater Manchester.

The Order defines the precise Mayoral development area using a specific map, names the new corporation, and sets the commencement date for its operation as January 16th, 2026.

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The Immigration Skills Charge (Amendment) Regulations 2025

Published: Mon 15th Dec 25

The Regulations updated the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes exempt from the Immigration Skills Charge and increased the required levy amounts payable by sponsors by 32%.


These Regulations amend the Immigration Skills Charge Regulations 2017 by updating the list of occupations exempt from the charge to align with version 12 of the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 2020 Index and simultaneously increase the ISC charges payable by sponsors by 32%.

The power to make these regulations is exercised by the Secretary of State with the consent of HM Treasury, and they come into force on December 16th, 2025, extending across the entire United Kingdom.

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The Procurement Act 2023 (Commencement No. 4) Regulations 2025

These Regulations brought into force specific sections of the Procurement Act 2023 on January 1st, 2026, and April 1st, 2026, detailing commencement provisions related to payments compliance and contract performance assessment, while making specific exceptions and definitions for procurements regulated by the Welsh Ministers.


These Regulations, made by the Minister for the Cabinet Office with the consent of the Welsh Ministers, exercise powers under the Procurement Act 2023 to bring specified provisions of that Act into force across England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland on set dates in 2026.

Specifically, sections concerning payments compliance notices (Section 69) and contract performance assessment (Section 71) come into force for most procurements on January 1st, 2026, while Section 69 (for Welsh-regulated procurements) and Section 70 (information about payments) commence on April 1st, 2026, with mechanisms defined to differentiate between procurements regulated by the UK government and those regulated by the Welsh Ministers.

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The Double Taxation Relief and International Tax Enforcement (Romania) Order 2025

Published: Thu 11th Dec 25

The Order enacts the new Double Taxation Convention and Protocol with Romania, detailing rules for taxing income, capital gains, permanent establishments, and introducing mutual agreement and information exchange procedures.


This Order, made by His Majesty in Council, formally brings into effect the Convention and Protocol between the United Kingdom and Romania, signed in November 2024, designed to eliminate double taxation on income and capital gains, prevent tax evasion and avoidance, and establish frameworks for mutual assistance in tax enforcement between the two countries, thereby replacing the previous 1975 Convention.

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The Double Taxation Relief and International Tax Enforcement (Andorra) Order 2025

Published: Thu 11th Dec 25

* The Order enacted the Double Taxation Convention between the UK and Andorra for income and capital taxes, including supplemental Notes Verbales to correct clerical errors within the Convention text.


This Order formally brings into effect the Convention between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Principality of Andorra, signed on February 20, 2025, aimed at eliminating double taxation on income and capital, preventing tax evasion and avoidance, and facilitating international tax enforcement; the Schedule includes the full text of this Convention, along with subsequent Notes Verbales from June 2025 that formally correct a clerical error found in Article 18 concerning Government Service payments, making the corrected text legally effective upon the Order's enactment.

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The Double Taxation Relief and International Tax Enforcement (Portuguese Republic) Order 2025

Published: Thu 11th Dec 25

The Order brought into effect the Double Taxation Convention and Protocol between the UK and the Portuguese Republic to eliminate double taxation and enhance tax enforcement.


This Order formally enacts into UK law a new Convention and accompanying Protocol between the United Kingdom and the Portuguese Republic, signed in September 2025, designed to eliminate double taxation on income and capital gains, prevent tax evasion and avoidance, and establish mechanisms for mutual assistance in tax enforcement, thereby clarifying taxing rights and providing legal certainty for residents and enterprises of both nations concerning income tax, corporation tax, and capital gains tax.

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The Double Taxation Relief and International Tax Enforcement (Peru) Order 2025

The UK and Peru enacted a Convention and Protocol to eliminate double taxation on income and capital gains, prevent tax avoidance, and establish mechanisms for tax enforcement assistance.


This Order formally brings into force the Convention and accompanying Protocol between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Republic of Peru, which aims to eliminate double taxation on income and capital gains, prevent tax evasion and avoidance, and establish mutual assistance mechanisms for international tax enforcement, setting out detailed rules for the allocation of taxing rights, definitions of residency and permanent establishment, and procedures for dispute resolution.

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The Bournemouth-Swanage Motor Road and Ferry (Revision of Tolls) Order 2025

Published: Thu 11th Dec 25

The Secretary of State for Transport revised the maximum tolls for the Bournemouth-Swanage Motor Road and Ferry, effective December 30, 2025, and revoked the 2021 toll revision Order.


The Secretary of State for Transport made this Order upon application from the Bournemouth-Swanage Motor Road & Ferry Company to revise the maximum tolls chargeable for the use of the ferry service, concluding that the revision is necessary to ensure the Company achieves adequate annual revenue to cover costs and provide a reasonable return on investment.

This Order, which comes into force on December 30, 2025, specifies the new maximum single-use tolls, details tiered discounts for bulk purchases over several years, allows for limited annual inflationary adjustments based on the Consumer Price Index, and revokes the previous 2021 Revision of Tolls Order.

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