Economy Legislation

Regulations governing economic policy, monetary matters, taxation, public spending, and market regulation.

The Enterprise Act 2002 (Amendment of Section 58 Considerations) Order 2025

The Order amended the Enterprise Act 2002 and related legislation to update media merger considerations, clarifying definitions and expanding the scope of public interest reviews.


The Enterprise Act 2002 (Amendment of Section 58 Considerations) Order 2025, effective July 24, 2025, amends the Enterprise Act 2002 to modernize its approach to media mergers.

It updates terminology, replacing 'newspapers' with 'news media' and including broadcasting, thus expanding and clarifying the public interest considerations involved in merger reviews.

These amendments also entail procedural changes in designated sections of the Act and the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013.

A savings provision protects the effects of pre-existing decisions.

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The Reporting Cryptoasset Service Providers (Due Diligence and Reporting Requirements) Regulations 2025

The 2025 regulations implemented the OECD Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework in the UK, establishing due diligence, record-keeping, and reporting requirements for cryptoasset service providers, and defining associated penalties.


These regulations implement the OECD Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework in the UK, mandating due diligence, record-keeping, and reporting obligations for UK cryptoasset service providers.

They detail procedures for self-certification, reporting to HMRC via an electronic system, and notification to users.

Penalties are outlined for various breaches, including failure to comply with due diligence, record-keeping, reporting, and notification requirements, along with provision for appeals.

An anti-avoidance clause is included.

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The Individual Savings Account (Amendment) Regulations 2025

The 2025 regulations amended the 1998 Individual Savings Account Regulations to clarify definitions, update subscription rules, and limit withdrawals.


These regulations amend the Individual Savings Account Regulations 1998, clarifying definitions, updating subscription rules, and limiting withdrawals.

Key changes include defining "long-term asset fund," requiring national insurance information for non-junior ISA subscriptions, restricting replacement subscriptions to the original account, preventing withdrawals that reduce the current year's subscription below zero, and specifying qualifying investments for stocks and shares and innovative finance components until the end of 2026.

The changes mostly take effect from July 15th, 2025, except for one regulation commencing April 6th, 2027.

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The Water (Special Measures) Act 2025 (Commencement No. 1) Regulations 2025

Sections 3 and 5 of the Water (Special Measures) Act 2025 were brought into force regarding pollution reduction plans and nature-based solutions for water companies in England.


These regulations, issued under the Water (Special Measures) Act 2025, bring into effect sections 3 and 5 of that Act on June 23, 2025.

This specifically mandates water and sewerage undertakers in England to create and publish annual pollution reduction plans, and incorporate nature-based solutions into their drainage and sewerage management plans.

The regulations include enforcement measures for non-compliance.

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The Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (Commencement No. 5) Regulations 2025

Sections 194 and 195 of the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023, regarding SLAPPs, were brought into force.


The Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (Commencement No. 5) Regulations 2025 bring into effect sections 194 and 195 of the Act on June 18, 2025.

These sections address strategic litigation against public participation (SLAPPs) by requiring the Lord Chancellor to create Civil Procedure Rules enabling courts to dismiss SLAPP claims before trial and to make specific cost orders.

The regulations aim to deter SLAPPs, protecting free speech and streamlining legal processes.

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The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes (Amendment) Order 2025

The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes (Amendment) Order 2025 amended existing legislation to clarify the calculation of vehicle emission targets, including UK and EU registered vehicles, and specified the application of the higher of the two possible targets to vehicle manufacturers.


The Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes (Amendment) Order 2025 amends the 2023 and 2024 Orders to clarify the calculation of vehicle emissions targets for manufacturers.

It specifies that vehicles first registered in either the UK or EU are to be included in these calculations, using the EU Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as a basis for calculation for both a UK specific and EU specific target.

The manufacturer's final target is the higher of the two calculated in this way.

The Order ensures consistency and clarity in application, supporting the UK's climate change goals while considering the implications of Brexit and retaining UK control and clarity over emission reduction targets.

The Order takes effect on 2nd October 2025 and applies across the UK.

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The Free Zone (Customs Site No. 2 Thames) Designation Order 2025

The 2025 Order designated Customs Site No. 2 Thames as a free zone, appointed a responsible authority, and imposed conditions for its operation.


The Free Zone (Customs Site No. 2 Thames) Designation Order 2025 designates a specific area at the Thames Freeport as a free zone for a 10-year period.

Cosco Shipping Crystal Logistics (UK) Company Limited was appointed as the responsible authority, subject to conditions encompassing record-keeping, security, access for HMRC officers, and health and safety.

The order leverages existing legislation to establish the free zone and aims to benefit trade and economic growth within the designated area.

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The Wireless Telegraphy (Mobile Spectrum Trading) (Amendment) Regulations 2025

The 2025 regulations amended the 2011 Wireless Telegraphy (Mobile Spectrum Trading) Regulations by adding a 'Spectrum Access High Density' license class and two new frequency bands.


The Wireless Telegraphy (Mobile Spectrum Trading) (Amendment) Regulations 2025, effective July 7, 2025, amend the 2011 regulations to include a new license class, 'Spectrum Access High Density,' and two new frequency bands (25100–27500 MHz and 40500–43500 MHz).

These changes aim to increase mobile spectrum availability, potentially boosting network capacity, promoting technological advancements, and fostering economic growth.

OFCOM followed due process before enacting these amendments, and a regulatory impact assessment is publicly available.

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